Figure 2. Schema for NK cell manufacturing with aAPCs.
Artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) were produced by genetic modification of K562 to express costimulatory molecules and membrane-bound cytokines. To expand NK cells ex vivo, unfractionated PBMC are stimulated weekly with irradiated PBMC, inducing rapid proliferation of NK cells and in some cases non-specific expansion of T cells. Contaminating T cells may be depleted, and the remaining purified NK cells may be stimulated weekly by the aAPCs as needed to obtain sufficient numbers. Expanded NK cells may be used directly or cryopreserved for future use.