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. 2012 Mar 13;370(1962):1185–1204. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0304

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Figure 3. — Search for early warning of the Bølling-Allerød transition as seen in Greenland. (a) GISP2 δ¹⁸O proxy for local temperature, 21.0–14.8 kyr BP (n= 132) [9]. Analysis stops at the vertical dashed line before the transition into the Bølling-Allerød warm interval. (b) Example of early warning indicators from autocorrelation function (ACF) with various detrending methods (left-hand scale), or detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA, right-hand scale); results plotted at the end of the windows (sliding window length of half the data series in all cases, bandwidth=25 for ACF method). (c) Histogram of the frequency distribution of the Kendall trend statistic for the ACF of residuals indicator, when varying the sliding window length and filtering bandwidth. (d) Histogram of the frequency distribution of the Kendall trend statistic for the DFA indicator, when varying the sliding window length. (Online version in colour.)