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Neck:
Tumor encasing major vessel(s) (e.g. carotid artery, vertebral artery, internal jugular vein)
Tumor extending to base of skull
Tumor compressing the trachea
Tumor encasing the brachial plexus
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Thorax:
Tumor encasing major vessel(s) (eg. subclavian vessels, aorta, superior vena cava)
Tumor compressing the trachea or principal bronchi
Lower mediastinal tumor, infiltrating the costo-vertebral junction between T9 and T12 (may involve the artery of Adamkiewicz perfusing the lower spinal cord)
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Abdomen:
Tumor infiltrating the porta hepatis and/or the hepatoduodenal ligament
Tumor encasing the origin of the celiac axis, and/or the superior mesenteric artery
Tumor invading one or both renal pedicles
Tumor encasing the aorta and/or vena cava
Tumor encasing the iliac vessels
Pelvic tumor crossing the sciatic notch
Dumbbell tumors with symptoms of spinal cord compression: Any location
Infiltration of adjacent organs/structures: Diaphragm, kidney, liver, duodeno-pancreatic block, and mesentery
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