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. 2011 Dec 1;106(2):307–313. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.523

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Copyright © 2012 Cancer Research UK

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Mitotic spindle disruption in cells receiving HCC-specific RF EMF compared with cells not receiving exposure. (A) HepG2 efficiently assembles a bipolar mitotic spindle, allowing cells to pass through the mitotic assembly checkpoint and successfully progress from metaphase to anaphase, (B) >60% of dividing HepG2 cells exposed to HCC-specific modulation frequencies exhibit microtubule-associated anomalies, (C) high magnification of unexposed HepG2 cells in mitosis (D) high magnification of HepG2 cells exposed to HCC-specific modulation frequencies shows errors such as tripolar spindle formation (Cyan=DAPI; Gray=Microtubules; Arrows=mitotic spindle).