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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Chem Biol. 2011 Dec 25;8(2):185–196. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.763

Figure 5. The PRs reduce aggregation/toxicity in C. elegans models of diseases associated with polyQ expansions.

Figure 5

(a) C. elegans expressing YFP-tagged Q35 protein were treated with either DMSO (panel I) or PRs (panels III-V) at different concentrations (1, 5, 10 and 15 μM) for 4 days. 17-AAG was used as positive control (50 μM, panel II). Fluorescence microscopy images show the PRs that reduced Q35 aggregation at a concentration of 10 μM in 6-day old animals. Panels VI-X show higher magnification images of the boxed areas on the top panels. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. (b) PRs suppress Q35 aggregation as shown by the quantification of fluorescent foci in 6-day old animals, relative to DMSO control. (c) Rescue from polyQ-associated toxicity was determined by comparing the motility of Q35 animals treated with either DMSO alone or the candidate PRs compounds (10 μM) to that of WT animals in DMSO. 17-AAG (50 μM) was used as positive control. Standard error of the mean is shown. (t-test ***p-value<0.001). (d) The PRs up-regulate mRNA expression of cytosolic chaperones (HSP-70 family members and small Hsps) at the concentrations needed to suppress aggregation and toxicity. Real-time qPCR was performed on samples extracted from animals treated with either DMSO, 17-AAG (50 μM), or PRs (10 μM). Standard deviation is shown.