Figure 3.

Robust AlstR-mediated inhibition of diverse subtypes of inhibitory neurons. (A) shows one recorded inhibitory neuron expressing GFP and allatostatin receptors in the Dlx5/6-Cre: AlstR cortical slice. This cell exhibited a low-threshold-spiking phenotype with bitufted morphology. (B) and (C) shows the AL application caused a significant decrease in intrinsic neuronal excitability of the examined AlstR-expressing (AlstR+) inhibitory neurons (N = 12). The average hyperpolarization of inhibitory neuronal resting membrane potentials was −11.4 ± 0.94 mV. (D) shows the group data (N = 9) of AlstR-mediated suppression of photostimulation-evoked excitability measured by the number of spiking locations. (E–H) and (I–L) shows photostimulation-evoked activity of the recorded low-threshold-spiking neuron and a fast-spiking inhibitory neuron during control, AL application, and washout, respectively. The AL application substantially suppressed photostimulation-evoked spiking activity of AlstR-expressing inhibitory neurons. In (D), ^**indicates statistical significance of p <0.005 between control and AL application.