Table 2.
Risk factors for post-operative atrial fibrillation
| Author | Fuller et al. | Leitch et al. | Creswell et al. | Aranki et al. | Almassi et al. | Zaman et al. | Hakala et al. | Mathew et al. | Auer et al. | Zacharias et al. | Banach et al. | Shen et al. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of publication | 1989 | 1990 | 1993 | 1996 | 1997 | 2000 | 2002 | 2004 | 2005 | 2005 | 2006 | 2010 |
| Number of Patients | 1666 | 5807 | 3983 | 570 | 3855 | 326 | 88 | 4657 | 253 | 8051 | 1200 | 10390 |
|
Risk Factors | ||||||||||||
| Age | P = 0.0001 | OR = 1.7, P<0.001 (10 yr decile) | P < 0.001 | OR = 2.0 P = 0.002 (age 70 to 80 yr) | OR = 1.61 P = 0.0001 (10 yr decile) | OR = 1.53 P < 0.0005 (per 5 yr increase) | OR = 1.07, P = 0.02 (each increasing yr above lower border) | OR = 1.75 P < 0.001 (10 yr decile) | OR = 2.6, P < 0.01 (above vs. below median) | OR = 1.52 P < 0.001 (10 yr decile) | OR = 2.6 P < 0.001 (age>70 yr) | OR = 5.34 (age>72 yr) |
| History of AF | OR = 2.11, P < 0.001 | OR = 6.1, P < 0.002 | ||||||||||
| COPD | OR = 1.5, P = 0.006 | P < 0.001 | ns | OR = 1.37, P = 0.0016 | ns | OR = 1.43, P = 0.009 | OR = 1.28, P < 0.001 | ns | ns | |||
| Hypertension | ns | ns | ns | OR = 1.6, P = 0.03 | OR = 1.19, P = 0.027 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | OR = 1.15 | |
| Male gender | P = 0.02 | ns | OR = 1.7, P = 0.01 | ns | OR = 2.88, P = 0.009 | ns | ns | ns | OR = 1.24, P = 0.001 | ns | ns | |
| Diabetes | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
| Prior MI | ns | ns | OR = 1.6, P = 0.01 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||
| CHF | ns | ns | ns | ns | OR = 4.8, P < 0.005 | OR = 1.28 | ||||||
| BMI | ns | ns | ns | OR = 1.36, p < 0.001 BMI = >30–35 kg/m2 | ns | |||||||
| No pre-operative ß-blocker therapy | ns | OR = 1.2, P = 0.011 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | OR = 1.7, P < 0.05 | OR = 1.17, P = 0.005 | OR = 0.79, P < 0.01 | ns | |
| Left atrial enlargement | ns | OR = 1.29, P = 0.01 | ns | |||||||||
| RCA stenosis | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||||||||
| Mitral valve surgery | OR = 2.86, P = 0.0001 | OR = 1.74, P < 0.001 | OR = 2.8, P < 0.01 | OR = 2.42, P < 0.001 | OR = 1.91 | |||||||
| Postoperative withdrawal of ß-blocker | ns | OR = 1.91, P < 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Postoperative withdrawal of ACE-I | OR = 1.69, P < 0.001 | |||||||||||
| (No) post-operative ß-blocker therapy | P = 0.001 | ns | OR = 0.32, P < 0.001 | OR = 0.79, P < 0.01 | ||||||||
| Postoperative ACE-I therapy | OR = 0.62, P < 0.001 | |||||||||||
This table shows an overview of risk factors for POAF in different studies. The numbers in the boxes are statistical values (P value, odds ratio, relative risk). ns means not significant after multivariate analysis. If risk factors are not mentioned in the study, the boxes are empty.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; RCA, right coronary artery; MI, myocardial infarction; CHF, chronic heart failure, yr=year.