Table 2.
Prognostic factors of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas influencing overall survival: results of univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.
| Prognostic factor | Univariate model | Multivariate model 1(1) | Multivariate model 2(1) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | |
| Age | 1.02 | 0.96–1.08 | 0.57 | 1.02 | 0.94–1.1 | 0.58 | 1.04 | 0.97–1.12 | 0.27 |
| Patient delay in hospital visit | 0.97 | 0.79–1.19 | 0.78 | ||||||
| Sun exposure (positive = 1) | 1.83 | 0.37–9.10 | 0.46 | ||||||
| Tumour size | 1.02 | 1.01–1.04 | 0.01 | 1.02 | 1.004–1.04 | 0.01 | |||
| Lymph node metastasis (positive = 1) | 3.03 | 0.61–15.1 | 0.18 | ||||||
| TNM Stage(2) | 4.02 | 1.60–10.1 | 0.04 | 5.02 | 1.79–14.1 | 0.00 | |||
| Radiation related (true = 1) | 4.90 | 0.63–40.2 | 0.14 | ||||||
| Rapid growth (positive = 1) | 7.60 | 1.49–39.1 | 0.02 | 8.25 | 1.29–52.7 | 0.03 | |||
| Perineural invasion (positive = 1) | 4.50 | 0.55–36.4 | 0.16 | ||||||
| Lymphovascular invasion (positive = 1) | 8.15 | 0.942–70.6 | 0.06 | ||||||
| Degree of differentiation | 2.99 | 1.27–7.64 | 0.02 | 3.20 | 0.94–10.9 | 0.06 | |||
Note: The total number of cases was 117; of those, 88 were considered in the analysis, as 18 cases had missing values, and 11 cases were censored before the earliest event occurred. There were 8 deaths recorded as caused by squamous cell carcinoma.
(1)Variables that were significant in univariate analysis were entered into the model, followed by a backward elimination procedure with P > 0.1 for variable removal from the model. In model 3, tumour size was used instead of TNM stage. The results were adjusted for age. CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio.
(2)Stage was described using UICC (7th edition, 2009).