Table A7.
First Stage Regression Coefficients for Smoking in the 2SLS Child Neurodevelopment Ratea Model
| Total Sample | Low SES sample | High SES sample | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal mental health problems | 0.11*** (0.04) | 0.14 (0.09) | 0.05 (0.09) |
| Maternal chronic physical health problems | 0.02 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.06) | 0.03 (0.05) |
| Socioeconomic status index | −0.02** (0.01) | −0.03** (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) |
| African ancestry | 0.00 (0.02) | −0.01 (0.03) | 0.00 (0.04) |
| Native ancestry | −0.01 (0.02) | −0.05 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.01) |
| Maternal age | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) |
| Maternal age squared | 0.0002 (0.0001) | 0.0001 (0.0003) | 0.0001 (0.0002) |
| Mother is single | 0.06* (0.03) | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.04) |
| Mother is in a stable relationship | 0.04** (0.02) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.03* (0.02) |
| Number of child’s older siblings | 0.03** (0.01) | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.03** (0.01) |
| Brazil | −0.04 (0.03) | −0.03 (0.03) | −0.06** (0.03) |
| Chile | −0.02 (0.03) | −0.03 (0.04) | −0.05* (0.02) |
| Smoking rate | 1.98** (0.79) | 2.75** (1.24) | 2.01*** (0.65) |
| Smoking rate squared | −6.05* (3.38) | −8.17 (4.98) | −7.17** (2.70) |
| Constant | 0.22 (0.14) | 0.15 (0.21) | 0.16 (0.20) |
| Observations | 1584 | 798 | 786 |
Note: Standard errors are in parentheses.
*, ** and ***
indicate p <0.1, <0.05 and <0.01, respectively. Standard errors are in parentheses.
a
Derived from the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopment Screener. Copyright @ 2004. Harcourt Assessment Inc. Used with Permission. All rights Reserved.