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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2011 Aug 5;53(3):234–242. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02445.x

Table 2.

Proportions of the phenotypic correlations due to genetic (A), shared environmental (C) and non-shared environmental (E) influences

Middle childhood
Early adolescence
ADHD symptoms–reading
ADHD symptoms–reading
 rp −.25 (−.26/−.23) −.25 (−.27/−.24)
% of rp due to
 A .85 (.72/.98) .68 (.58/.78)a .12 (−.04/.27)b
 C .08 (−.04/.20) .18 (.09/.27)a .09 (−.04/.19)b
 E .07 (.04/.10) .14 (.11/.17)a .05 (.01/.09)b

Note: rp = phenotypic correlation. 95% confidence intervals in parentheses.

a

Proportions of the phenotypic correlation due to total genetic or environmental influences (i.e. transmitted plus age-specific effects).

b

Proportions of the phenotypic correlation due to newly emerging genetic or environmental influences specific to early adolescence.