Figure 1.

Schematic diagram showing the structure of lipid/polymer particle assemblies. The negative phosphate charges on the hydrophilic segment of DPPC (green) can be attracted to the oppositely charged ions of the ammonium bromide ammonia headgroup of DMAB (blue), which modify the surface of DOX-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (red).

Abbreviations: DMAB, dimethyldidodecylammonium bromide; DOX, doxorubicin; DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; LNP, lipid/polymer particle assembly; PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid.