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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jan 23.
Published in final edited form as: J Parkinsons Dis. 2011 Nov;1(4):299–320.

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Synopsis of the pathological cascades proposed to be involved in Parkinson’s disease. Mechanisms at play include altered protein metabolism and mitochondrial function as well as cellular stress induced by reactive-oxygen species or glutamatergic excitotoxicity. All pathways are interrelated and converge into the final steps of neurodegeneration and inflammation.