Table 1.
Hospice and Nonhospice Residents with Advanced Dementia and Medicare Skilled Nursing Facility Care in the Last 90 Days of Life (n=39,092)
| Variable | Hospice after SNF % or mean (SD) | No hospice after SNF % or mean (SD) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hospice before Medicare skilled nursing facility care (not after) | – | 2 | – |
| Age categories | 0.061 | ||
| <75 (reference) | 10 | 9 | |
| 75–84 | 35 | 34 | |
| 85+ | 56 | 57 | |
| Male | 34 | 38 | 0.000 |
| Race categories | 0.002 | ||
| Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 84 | 83 | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 12 | 12 | |
| Hispanic | 3 | 3 | |
| Other | 1 | 2 | |
| Education categories | 0.000 | ||
| Less than high school | 35 | 36 | |
| High school graduate (reference) | 44 | 41 | |
| At least some college | 18 | 15 | |
| Missing | 3 | 7 | |
| Married (versus other) | 28 | 30 | 0.000 |
| Advance directives | |||
| Do not resuscitate order | 77 | 73 | 0.000 |
| Do not hospitalize order | 11 | 10 | 0.286 |
| Cognitive Performance Scale of 6 (versus 5) | 68 | 70 | 0.000 |
| Activity of daily living impairments (1 unit increase) | 26(3) | 26(3) | |
| Shortness of breath | 23 | 26 | 0.000 |
| Bedfast | 32 | 34 | 0.000 |
| Weight loss (10% of body weight) | 36 | 31 | 0.000 |
| Diagnoses | |||
| Congestive heart failure | 26 | 28 | 0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 16 | 19 | 0.000 |
| Cancer | 8 | 5 | 0.000 |
| Stroke | 27 | 27 | 0.785 |
| Arteriosclerotic heart disease | 13 | 14 | 0.103 |
| Renal failure | 6 | 4 | 0.000 |
| Other cardiovascular disease | 11 | 6 | 0.000 |
| Terminal diagnosis documented (on MDS) | 24 | 14 | 0.000 |
| Nursing stay of <90 days | 24 | 38 | 0.000 |