Table 1.
Depressive affect, family SES, and rates of early adult social roles, whole sample and by race
| Whole Sample (n = 956) | Black Americans (n = 609) | White Americans (n = 347) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive affect | |||
| Grade 9 | 1.281 (.359) | 1.279 (.365) | 1.287 (.349) |
| End Grade 11 | 1.285 (.354) | 1.264 (.344)1 | 1.326 (.371)1 |
| 1-year post HS | 1.335 (.375) | 1.325 (.374) | 1.342 (.378) |
| 3-year post HS | 1.342 (.390) | 1.346 (.389) | 1.337 (.391) |
| Family SES | |||
| parental occupation | 70.719 (19.010) | 68.580 (20.030)2 | 74.321 (16.513)2 |
| highest educated parent | 14.788 (2.692) | 14.363 (2.456)3 | 15.530 (2.915)3 |
| family income | 3.091 (1.373) | 3.019 (1.421)4 | 3.216 (1.277)4 |
| SES Composite (Standardized) | .000 (.806) | −.116 (.816)5 | .180 (.789)5 |
| Early adult social roles | |||
| Early adult residential status | |||
| Live with parents/relatives | 50.13% | 50.92% | 48.73% |
| Live away from | |||
| parents/relatives | 49.87% | 49.08% | 51.27% |
| College/work status | |||
| Full-time college | 55.99% | 52.75%6 | 61.68%6 |
| Full-time employment | 20.96% | 20.13% | 22.41% |
| Under/unemployed | 23.04% | 27.11%7 | 15.91%7 |
| Parent status | |||
| Single-Parent | 11.64% | 12.50% | 10.14% |
| Non-single-parent | 88.36% | 87.50% | 89.86% |
| Challenging roles Index | .893 (.890) | .976 (.957)8 | .750 (.776)8 |
Note: Standard deviations in parentheses; Estimates sharing same superscripted number significantly differ from one another.
1
Δχ2(1) = 6.57, p < .01
2
Δχ2(1) = 19.99, p < .001
3
Δχ2(1) = 39.86, p < .001
4
Δχ2(1) = 4.74, p < .05
5
Δχ2(1) = 30.80, p < .001
6
OR = 1.442, p < .05
7
OR = .508, p < .01
8
Δχ2(1) = 6.57, p < .01