Table 3.

Hierarchical Regression Analysis for Complicated Grief Symptoms

Variables	Betas
	Step 1	Step 2	Step 3	Step 4	Step 5
Background and Context
Time since death	.01	.03	−.03	−.03	−.03
Caregiver age	−.14†	−.05	−.04	−.06	−.04
Caregiver education	−.24**	−.28***	−.25***	−.25***	−.25***
Care preferences specified	.16*	.13†	.12†	.12†	.13†
Presence of children in home	.23*	.19*	.11†	.10	.10
History of family conflict	.01	−.08	−.26**	−.24**	−.21*
Primary Stressors
Patient physical symptoms		.16†	.13	.08	.09
Patient psychological symptoms		.22*	.16†	.12	.15†
Secondary Stressors
Family conflict at end-of-life			.23**	.22**	.21*
Family member difficulty accepting illness			.33***	.33***	.33***
Patient fear of death			.10	.10	.15*
Resources
Patient quality of care				−.12	−.11
Family quality of care				−.10	−.08
Hospice utilization				.01	.02
Interaction-Moderating Process
Patient fear of death × hospice utilization					−.16*
Total R2	.17	.25	.40	.43	.45
R2 change	.17	.08	.15	.03	.02
F for R2 change	5.03***	7.20**	10.75***	2.58†	4.80*

^†p ≤ .10;

^*p ≤ .05;

^**p ≤ .01;

^***p ≤ .001.