Figure 1. Schematics of FreSCa cryo-SEM contact angle measurements.

Representation of (a) a hydrophilic and (b) a hydrophobic nanoparticle of radius r at the ice interface after metal evaporation. The three-phase contact angle θ, the metal deposition angle α and thickness δ, the height h of the particle relative to the interface, its projection l along the metal deposition direction and the length of the shadow k are highlighted. (c) Scheme of the sample preparation for FreSCa cryo-SEM imaging.