Appendix 2.
Crude Rates of Adverse Birth Outcomes and Infant Mortality among First Nations by Community Remoteness (INAC zone§) in Quebec, 1991–2000
| Outcome | Least remote Zone 1 (n=3051) | Zone 2 (n=1765) | Zone 3 (n=1896) | Most remote Zone 4 (n=1079) | P value*, test for differences | P value*, tests for trends |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Births, % | ||||||
| Preterm | 8.2 | 7.9 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 0.005 | 0.0006 |
| Small-for-gestational-age | 6.3 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 4.3 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Low birth weight | 5.0 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| High birth weight | 17.6 | 31.4 | 29.9 | 25.0 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Large-for-gestational-age | 16.5 | 31.6 | 29.9 | 26.3 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Deaths, per1,000 | ||||||
| Perinatal death | 7.2 | 11.3 | 7.4 | 12.0 | 0.27 | 0.31 |
| Stillbirth | 4.3 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 6.5 | 0.73 | 0.48 |
| Neonatal death | 3.0 | 5.1 | 2.6 | 5.6 | 0.39 | 0.46 |
| Postneonatal death | 4.0 | 3.4 | 8.5 | 11.3 | 0.01 | 0.003 |
| Infant death | 6.9 | 8.6 | 11.1 | 16.8 | 0.03 | 0.005 |
| Fetal and infant death | 11.2 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 23.3 | 0.04 | 0.007 |
INAC zone is a measure of degree of community remoteness developed by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada to classify First Nations communities (reserves) into four zones from least remote (zone 1) to most remote (zone 4). The results presented here were based on an alternative classification method where births in communities with non-unique postal codes were restricted to those with First Nations mother tongue. Please see the Methods for interpretation of the differences in the method of identification of births in First Nations communities compared to the results presented in Table 2.
Two-sided P values in Chi-square tests for differences and Cochran-Armitage tests for trends across the four INAC zones.