Table 1.

Genetic pathways involved in cleft lip and palate

Article No.	PMID	Genetic Pathway (wnt, shh, BMP)	Evidence
1	12223417	Fgf8	1C
2	15572143	Fgf10	1C
3	21185284	Wnt	1E
4	19631205	BMP, FGF, wnt	1A, C, E
5	15102710	BMP	1A
6	16990542	Sumo1	3
7	17846996	TBX22/Sumo1	3
8	17089422	PVRL1	4
9	12520078	EGFR	1A
10	14728799	Msx homeobox	1A
11	17601559	Wnt	1E
12	14755462	Wnt	1E
13	11359935	TGFβ	1A
14	12019011	TGFβ	1A
15	16607638	Jag2-Notch1	6
16	18413325	Wnt	1E
17	14756664	BMP, Shh	1A, D
18	14645125	MES degeneration	4
19	15361870	PDGF	1B
20	15203181	GABA	6
21	14729481	Smad2-dependent Alk-5-driven by TGFβ3	1A, 2
22	16955138	Insig 1,2 cholesterol pathway	7
23	18161794	Nat2	8
24	15831593	CDH1/E-cadherin	4
25	12376112	TGF/β3	1A
26	10932185	Ryk (RTK)	8
27	17041601	IRF	2
28	18452349	GABRB3	6
29	17849453	GAD 67	6
30	12975342	Tgf βr2	1A
31	12807959	MSX1	1A
32	16284941	Meox-2	6
33	16998816	Wnt9b	1E
34	9215640	TGFb3	1A
35	15103710	GAD67	6
36	2416245	HA and CS	5
37	12219090	IRF6	2
38	18001154	Activin signaling	1A
39	16496313	Wnt3/Wnt9b	1E
40	11420059	Col11a1	5
41	18191119	Wnt11 and Fgfr1b	1C, 1E
42	11391199	Fgfr 1/2	1C
43	17377962	SATB2	3
44	15716346	Bmp	1A
45	15731757	TGFβR1/2	1A
46	10716617	Bmp	1A
47	10753521	TGFβ3	1A
48	12673280	Col11A2	5
49	15870292	Mn1	3
50	15721140	Notch/jagged2	6
51	16723652	MSX1	1A
52	10853828	Desmosomal DSC2	4
53	17376812	Snail, slug	6
54	15275855	TGFβ3	1A
55	17452626	TGfβ3/smad	1A, 2
56	17442359	Retinoic acid	6
57	16880535	Crk	4
58	15199404	Fgf/shh	1C, 1D
59	16168717	Shh	1D
60	17360555	Fgf	1C
61	17097601	Pax9/shh in TGFβ3 regulation	1D, 1A
62	15562585	Type II collagen	5
63	12203729	Sim2 in HA synthesis	5
64	10932188	PVRL1, nectin-1	4
65	10731669	p57Kip2, CDK inhib.	8
66	12490557	PDGFRalpha	1B
67	12854656	Folbp1, Shh	1A
68	15028671	Mnt	2
69	12068957	TGFβ3	1A
70	10742093	Msx1	1A
71	16109396	MES cells/Shh	1D
72	12651933	MSX1TGFβ3	1A
73	16280635	DHCR7, cholesterol	7
74	12812790	Foxf2	2
75	15888125	TGFβ/Smad 3/dishevelled	1A, 1E, 2
76	17693063	FGF/Spry2/Shh	1C, 1D
77	17941048	PDGF-C	1B
78	15543606	PDGFR-alpha	1B
79	16780827	Irf6/TGFβ	1A, 2
80	16141225	Shox2, Fgf	1C
81	17652350	PDS5B	6
82	12163415	Msx1/Bmp	1A
83	11165488	Fgf	1C
84	15939375	IRF6/Smad	2
85	11559848	TBX22	3
86	12412015	Tbx22	3
87	15118109	Tbx10	3
88	12165566	TTF-2	2
89	19092777	PDGF-C	1B
90	12815624	TGFβ3	1A
91	12627230	FGFR1	1C
92	18264099	PDGF	1B
93	17066417	PDGF-C/RA	1B, 6
94	18278815	IRF6	2
95	19401770	IRF6	2
96	12412014	IP 3/TGF	1A
97	19282774	IRF6	2
98	19036739	IRF6	2
99	18948418	TBx22	3
100	16405370	PTCH	1D
101	14729838	TBX22	3
102	18431835	TGFβ3	1A
103	18423521	TFAP2A	9
104	19281781	TGFβ1/3	1A
105	16641627	PVRL1/Jag2	4, 6
106	14630905	MSX1	1A
107	18836445	AP-2/IRF6	2
108	11559849	PVRL1	4
109	17868388	TBX22	3
110	19249007	BMP4	1A
111	12514106	Fgfr1	1C
112	16563169	IRF6, LHX6, LHX7	2
113	19341725	Hand2	1A
114	12571099	Hand2	1A
115	12163415	Msx1à BMP, shh	1A, 1D
116	15317890	IRF6	2
117	12374769	TBX22	3
118	20652317	IRF6	2
119	21295280	FAF1	6
120	21195053	Sprouty-2/FGF	1C
121	21061289	ATRA/BMP	1A
122	21058326	Chlorcyclizine, H1 antag, Wnt, FGF, BMP	1A, 1C,1E
123	21041365	ADAMTS9/20	9
124	21034733	BMP	1A
125	20967564	TGFB3	1A
126	20945347	TGFB3	1A
127	20940229	Fz	1E
128	20920724	FGF10	1C
129	20809987	TGFB3	1A
130	20727875	BMP/Noggin	1A
131	20616530	Twist1, Snai1 and Runx2	6
132	20506229	JARID2	9
133	20451169	RBM10	9
134	20424327	P63/IRF6	2
135	20424318	P63/IRF6	2
136	20196077	IRF6	2
137	20165883	RECK, MMP2/3/9	5
138	20133659	FGFR2	1C
139	20007998	PRDM16/TGFβ	1A
140	19934017	Msx1/Shh	1A, 1D
141	19782673	Shh	1D
142	19769959	TBX2/3	3
143	19676060	p63	3
144	19653318	Hoxa2/msx1/BMP	1A
145	19648291	Tbx22	3
146	19598129	Wnt	1E
147	19415673	TGFβ3	1A
148	19394325	Shh	1D
149	19388084	Smad2/3, RA	2, 6
150	19097194	Pkdcc	8
151	18948417	Wnt	1E
152	18816854	Gli3	2
153	18697225	TGFβ/twist	1A
154	18694570	TGFβ/Smad	1A, 2
155	18483623	Pax3/BMP	1A
156	18470539	Zfhx1a/TGFβ	1A
157	18437907	RA/BMP	6, 1A
158	17967447	TGFβ	1A
159	17927973	Menin, Pax3, Wnt	6, 1D
160	17586487	Tshz1	2
161	17520166	Eh (hairy ears) Hoxc5	9
162	17337617	MYH9	6
163	17293880	GSK3β glycogen	5
164	17028893	Tbx3/BMP4	3, 1A
165	17022082	CBFB	6
166	16761282	Runx3/TGFβ/BMP	1A
167	16751186	Fidgetin/ATPase, AKAP95	4
168	16546851	Sox9	6
169	16410076	atRA/TGFb/Smad	1A, 2
170	16330189	Msx/BMP	1A
171	16313756	BMP	1A
172	16199551	PHF8	2
173	16028273	FGF twist, snail/BMP ID1	1C, 1A, 6
174	16026545	TGFβ2	1A
175	15914589	twist, snail and E-cadherin	6, 4
176	15649471	Smad/TGFβ	1A, 2
177	15282310	Sall3	2
178	15175245	Osr2, Pax9, TGFβ3	1A
179	15162512	Fgf8	1C
180	14761683	PKA pathway	8
181	14702176	iNOS, BMP	1A
182	14691138	TGFβ	1A
183	14643678	Zfhep	6
184	12666199	Decorin, biglycan	5
185	12666195	Tbx22	3
186	12606284	GABA(a) β3	6
187	12388835	PKA	8
188	12204278	Tbx22	3
189	12203737	Titf2/foxe, TTF2 fork	2
190	12175701	CRE B, phosphotase	8
191	12086327	Lhx6	2
192	11969262	RA/BMP	1A, 6
193	11795938	EGFR	1A
194	11669453	TGFβ/RA	1A
195	11354513	CREB, cAMP	8
196	11330859	Twist, Fgfr	1C
197	10789828	Hoxa-2	1A
198	10669089	TSP-2/TGFβ	1A
199	21246652	Ephrins	8
200	20333300	GABA, GAD1, Viaat	6
201	20213699	Shh	1D
202	19235875	Fgfr2	1C
203	18176224	Fgfr2	1C
204	16712891	MAPK	8
205	15543606	PDGFRα	1B
206	12011971	TGFβ, RhoA	1A
207	11238884	DIg, SAP97	6