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. 2011 Oct 1;7(4):242–254. doi: 10.4161/org.7.4.17926

Table 2.

Summary of molecular pathways

Pathway Studied Number of Studies Percent of Studies
Extracellular signaling factors TGFβ superfamily: TGFα, TGFβ, EGFR, Msx1, BMP, Activns, Hand2 71 30.1%
Platelet derived growth factor: PDGF-C 8 3.4%
Fibroblast growth factor: FGF 21 8.9%
Sonic Hedgehog: Shh, PTCH, SMO, CBP 13 5.5%
WNT: Wnt, Dv, Fz 13 5.5%
Total: 126 53.4%
Transcription Factors FFAP2a, AP-2a, IR F6, FOXE1, TTF-2, GLI, SMAD1, Mnt, Phf8 31 13.1%
T-box Transcription Factors/Protein Modification TBX22, TBX1, TBX10, Mn1, SUMO, p63, SATB2 17 7.2%
Cell adhesion molecules PVRL1, Nectin, Integrin, E-cadherin, Desmosomal protein, Crk 10 4.2%
Extracellular Matrix Collagen, GAG, CSPG, HA, MMP 8 3.4%
Other Factors Jag, Notch, GABA, RA, Snai1, Snai2, Runx2, Meox, Pax1, Pax3, PDS5B, FAF, Sox9, MYH9, Zfhep, DIg 27 11.4%
Cholesterol Pathway Sterol, Insig 1, Insig 2 2 0.85%
Kinase Cascades NAT2, MAPK, CRE B, PKA, camp, Eph, RTK, p57Kip2 10 4.2%
Genes JARID2, ADAMTS9/20, TFAP2A, RBM10, Hoxc5 5 2.1%