Table 1.
Clinical, genetic, and cognitive characteristics of subjects
| Clinical characteristic or cognitive testa | Sporadic ADb mean (SD) | Controlsb mean (SD) | Subject code |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CY-Cc (35) | CY1c (35) | CY2c (37) | CY3c (38) | CY4c (42)d | CY5c (45)d | AP-Ce (47) | AP1e (35) | AP2e (43) | AP3d (45) | AP4e (46) | AP5e (49) | |||
| Clinical diagnosis | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | MCI | MCI | AD | MCI | AD | ||
| ApoE genotype | 3/4 | 3/3 | 3/4 | 3/4 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | ||
| MMSE | 21.7 (3.7) | 28.4 (1.5) | 29 | 29 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 22 | 27 | 21 | 25 | 16 |
| CDR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| CERAD EPSf | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 | ||||||
| UPDRSg | 0 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||
| CERAD WLL delayed recall (max of 10) | 0.6 (1.2) | 8.1 (1.7) | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Digit span forward | 6.3 (1.2) | 6.8 (1.3) | 6 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Digit span backward | 3.4 (1.4) | 5.3 (1.1) | 5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| Trail Making Test A (s) | 80.7 (65.3) | 32.0 (8.8) | 25 | 10 | 18 | 20 | 24 | 27 | 19 | 28 | 43 | 38 | 27 | 78 |
| Trail Making Test B (s) | 235.3 (64.5) | 75.2 (34.3) | 32 | 24 | 37 | 50 | 52 | 57 | 59 | 71 | 118 | 300 | 73 | 300 |
| Letter fluency (FAS total) | 31.5 (12.7) | 47.3 (17.0) | 58 | 65 | 45 | 61 | 40 | 33 | 31 | 22 | 26 | 7 | 43 | 16 |
| Category fluency (animals) | 11.8 (5.7) | 20.3 (4.9) | 27 | 30 | 28 | 18 | 22 | 20 | 23 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 18 | 13 |
| Boston Naming Test (Saxton 30-item version) | 23.3 (4.6) | 28.6 (2.6) | 27 | 29 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 28 | 26 | 21 | 26 | 16 | 26 | 14 |
| Modified Rey-Osterrieth Figure copy (max of 24) | 17.4 (5.6) | 21.9 (1.1) | 21 | 24 | 20 | 22 | 20 | 23 | 17 | 15.5 | 23 | 8.5 | ||
| FCSRT free recall (max of 48) | 7.4 (5.6)h | 32.8 (6.6)i | 37 | 31 | ||||||||||
| Benton VFDT (max of 32) | 17.5 (9.3)h | 30.3 (2.9)i | 30 | 26 | ||||||||||
aSee Materials and Methods for abbreviations and descriptions. Bold values are abnormal, i.e., more than 1.5 SDs away from the control norm.
bThe means listed are from the 12 AD and 18 control patients who participated in this study in Pittsburgh except when indicated.
cC410Y mutation kindred (Campion et al., 1995; Sherrington et al., 1995). CY-C indicates the noncarrier cousin control subject. Ages are shown in parentheses.
dSubjects studied at MGH.
eA426P mutation kindred (Poorkaj et al., 1998). AP-C indicates the noncarrier sibling control subject. Ages are shown in parentheses.
fExtrapyramidal symptom total score according to the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (Morris et al., 1989).
gTotal score from the Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (Fahn and Elton, 1987).
hHistorical mean (SD) from AD patients studied at MGH (n = 20; mean age, 69.7 ± 11.0).
iHistorical mean (SD) from control subjects studied at MGH (n = 55; mean age, 71.3 ± 8.7).