Table 4. Did Unilateral and Bilateral DBS Lead Placement Impact the Pre-operative Diagnosis of ICD?
| Patient | Pre-operative Diagnosis | Diagnosis after Unilateral DBS Placement* (Target) | Diagnosis after Bilateral DBS Placement* (Targets) |
| 1 | ICD | ** | ICD and DDS (STN, STN) |
| Increased impulsivity, sexual indiscretions, punding | Increased impulsivity, sexual indiscretions, overmedicating with Sinemet, desire to increase dose unnecessarily | ||
| 2 | ICD | ICD (GPi) | No ICD or DDS (GPi, GPi) |
| Excessive gambling and spending | Excessive gambling and spending | ||
| 3 | ICD | ICD (GPi) | *** |
| Gambling, hyperphagia, compulsion to bake cakes | Gambling | ||
| 4 | ICD | ICD (STN) | *** |
| Excessive chocolate cravings, hyperphagia | Increased sweet cravings, hyperphagia | ||
| 5 | ICD | ICD (STN) | *** |
| Excessive gambling with scratch-off lottery tickets | Excessive spending, shopping, gambling with scratch-off lottery tickets | ||
| 6 | ICD | DDS (STN) | DDS (STN, STN) |
| Excessive gambling with scratch-off lottery tickets | Unwilling to lower dosage, development of withdrawal state with dose reduction | Unwilling to lower dosage, development of withdrawal state with dose reduction | |
| 7 | ICD and DDS | ICD and DDS (GPi) | ICD and DDS (GPi, GPi) |
| Pathological gambling and shopping | Need for excessive DRT, excessive spending and gambling, excessive money spent on adult entertainment, cannot maintain finances | Need for excessive DRT, excessive spending and gambling, excessive money spent on adult entertainment, cannot maintain finances |
*DBS unilateral or bilateral lead target(s) noted in parentheses.
**Patient had simultaneous bilateral DBS lead placement. No diagnostic assessment was possible for the patient after unilateral placement.
***Patient did not have bilateral DBS lead placement.
DRT; dopamine replacement therapy including levodopa and/or dopamine agonists.