FIG. 1.

In utero Leu supplementation induces β-cell mass defect. A and B: Body and pancreatic weights of E20 fetuses from Leu-supplemented pregnant dams and pregnant dams that were not supplemented with Leu. C: Immunohistochemical quantification of the insulin-stained area shows that the fetal β-cell mass–to–fetal pancreatic area ratio at E20 was reduced in fetuses from Leu-supplemented pregnant dams when compared with that in E20 fetuses from pregnant dams that were not supplemented with Leu. D: The β-cell mass–to–body weight ratio is E20 fetuses is significantly lower than that of E20 fetuses from dams that were not supplemented with Leu. E and F: Leu supplementation to pregnant dams increased whole blood glucose levels and reduced plasma insulin levels in the E20 fetuses. Data are mean ± SEM from at least 10 fetuses per condition. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.005.