TABLE 3.
Absolute risk over 9-years, parameter estimates and hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for categorized cholesterol control, blood pressure control, smoking, and aspirin use, and HDL-C for the combined outcome of any CVD*
| Risk Factor/Treatment | Absolute risk of any CVD event over 9 years (95% CI) | Age-adjusted (n=4182) | Model 1 (n=4182) | Model 2 (n=4164) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | ||
| Cholesterol-modifying therapy = No | ||||
| Non-HDL<130 mg/dL (n=728, 17.4%) | 22.4% (19.5–25.6) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Non-HDL≥130 mg/dL (n=2865, 68.5%) | 29.1% (27.4–30.8) | 1.52 (1.28–1.80) | 1.50 (1.26–1.78) | 1.44 (1.21–1.72) |
| Cholesterol-modifying therapy = Yes | ||||
| Non-HDL<130 mg/dL (n=93, 2.2%) | 24.7% (17.1–34.3) | 1.37(0.89–2.13) | 1.31 (0.84–2.03) | 1.33 (0.85–2.06) |
| Non-HDL≥130 mg/dL (n=496, 11.9%) | 30.7% (26.7–34.8) | 1.85 (1.48–2.32) | 1.73 (1.38–2.18) | 1.65(1.31–2.07) |
| Antihypertensive therapy = No | ||||
| Blood pressure <140/<90 mmHg (n=2251, 53.8%) | 23.3% (21.6–25.1) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Blood pressure ≥140/or ≥90 mmHg (n=677, 16.2%) | 31.6% (28.2–35.2) | 1.34 (1.14–1.57) | 1.31 (1.12–1.54) | 1.30(1.09–1.50) |
| Antihypertensive therapy = Yes | ||||
| Blood pressure <140/<90 mmHg (n=572, 13.7%) | 30.8% (27.1–34.7) | 1.40(1.18–1.66) | 1.34 (1.12–1.59) | 1.31 (1.10–1.56) |
| Blood pressure ≥140/or ≥90 mmHg (n=682, 16.3%) | 37.7% (34.1–41.4) | 1.70 (1.46–1.97) | 1.69 (1.45–1.96) | 1.64 (1.4201.90) |
| Smoking=No (n=4037, 96.5%) | 27.4% (26.0–28.8) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Smoking=Yes (n=145, 3.5%) | 45.5% (37.6–53.6) | 2.29 (1.79–2.94) | 2.24 (1.75–2.88) | 2.26 (1.76–2.89) |
| Aspirin=Yes (n=2046, 48.9%) | 29.3% (27.3–31.3) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Aspirin=No (n=2136, 51.1%) | 26.8% (25.0–28.7) | 1.22(1.09–1.37) | 1.16(1.03–1.30) | 1.16 (1.03–1.31) |
| HDL-C ≥40 mg/dL (n=2367, 56.6%) | 25.1% (23.3–26.9) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| HDL-C <40 mg/dL (n=1815, 43.4%) | 31.9% (29.7–34.0) | 0.38 | 1.46 (1.30–1.64) | 1.36 (1.21–1.53) |
CVD = Cardiovascular disease
HDL-C = High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Includes cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, angina, revascularizations, non-fatal stroke, transient ischemic attack, carotid artery surgery, and other peripheral vascular disease surgery).
Model 1 includes age, categorized cholesterol control, categorized blood pressure control, smoking, and aspirin use.
Model 2 includes covariates in Model 1 plus body mass index, physical activity, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol