TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Sample
| Variable | No Smoking Cessation Counseling (N = 754) | Smoking Cessation Counseling (N = 1,588) | Overall Sample (N = 2,342) | Standardized Difference of the Mean | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | |||||
| Age | 60.48 ± 13.26 | 56.24 ± 11.26 | 57.61 ± 12.10 | 0.35 | < .001 |
| Female | 220 (29.2%) | 397 (25.0%) | 617 (26.3%) | 0.09 | .032 |
| Presenting Signs and Symptoms | |||||
| Acute pulmonary edema | 34 (4.5%) | 48 (3.0%) | 82 (3.5%) | 0.08 | .067 |
| Vital Signs on Admission | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure | 146.99 ± 31.82 | 146.93 ± 29.92 | 146.95 ± 30.53 | 0.00 | .966 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 84.81 ± 18.99 | 85.84 ± 18.51 | 85.50 ± 18.67 | 0.06 | .213 |
| Heart rate | 83.28 ± 22.75 | 81.10 ± 22.54 | 81.80 ± 22.63 | 0.10 | .029 |
| Respiratory rate | 21.18 ± 5.75 | 20.18 ± 4.64 | 20.50 ± 5.05 | 0.20 | < .001 |
| Classic Cardiac Risk Factors | |||||
| Diabetes | 179 (23.7%) | 260 (16.4%) | 439 (18.7%) | 0.19 | < .001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 238 (31.6%) | 539 (33.9%) | 777 (33.2%) | 0.05 | .254 |
| Hypertension | 295 (39.1%) | 541 (34.1%) | 836 (35.7%) | 0.11 | .017 |
| Family history of coronary artery disease | 253 (33.6%) | 754 (47.5%) | 1,007 (43.0%) | 0.28 | < .001 |
| Comorbid Conditions and Vascular History | |||||
| Cerebrovascular accident/Transient ischemic attack | 62 (8.2%) | 67 (4.2%) | 129 (5.5%) | 0.18 | < .001 |
| Angina | 198 (26.3%) | 412 (25.9%) | 610 (26.0%) | 0.01 | .871 |
| Cancer | 22 (2.9%) | 20 (1.3%) | 42 (1.8%) | 0.13 | .005 |
| Dementia | 21 (2.8%) | 6 (0.4%) | 27 (1.2%) | 0.23 | < .001 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 161 (21.4%) | 241 (15.2%) | 402 (17.2%) | 0.16 | < .001 |
| Asthma | 40 (5.3%) | 98 (6.2%) | 138 (5.9%) | 0.04 | .406 |
| Depression | 76 (10.1%) | 131 (8.2%) | 207 (8.8%) | 0.06 | .145 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 39 (5.2%) | 111 (7.0%) | 150 (6.4%) | 0.07 | .093 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 77 (10.2%) | 90 (5.7%) | 167 (7.1%) | 0.18 | < .001 |
| Previous coronary revascularization | 50 (6.6%) | 92 (5.8%) | 142 (6.1%) | 0.04 | .427 |
| Chronic congestive heart failure | 24 (3.2%) | 24 (1.5%) | 48 (2.0%) | 0.12 | .008 |
| Laboratory Tests | |||||
| Glucose | 9.35 ± 5.63 | 8.57 ± 4.79 | 8.82 ± 5.09 | 0.15 | < .001 |
| White blood count | 11.01 ± 4.49 | 10.77 ± 3.55 | 10.85 ± 3.88 | 0.06 | .171 |
| Hemoglobin | 141.71 ± 19.33 | 145.83 ± 15.47 | 144.50 ± 16.92 | 0.24 | < .001 |
| Sodium | 138.75 ± 4.54 | 139.40 ± 3.32 | 139.19 ± 3.77 | 0.17 | < .001 |
| Potassium | 4.10 ± 0.58 | 4.01 ± 0.49 | 4.04 ± 0.52 | 0.16 | < .001 |
| Creatinine | 99.59 ± 62.86 | 89.24 ± 30.24 | 92.57 ± 43.75 | 0.24 | < .001 |
| Prescriptions for Cardiovascular Medications at Hospital Discharge | |||||
| Statin | 193 (25.6%) | 637 (40.1%) | 830 (35.4%) | 0.31 | < .001 |
| Beta-blocker | 460 (61.0%) | 1,192 (75.1%) | 1,652 (70.5%) | 0.31 | < .001 |
| Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor/Angiotensin receptor blockers | 344 (45.6%) | 850 (53.5%) | 1,194 (51.0%) | 0.16 | < .001 |
| Plavix | 29 (3.8%) | 74 (4.7%) | 103 (4.4%) | 0.04 | .37 |
| Acetylsalicyclic Acid (ASA) | 544 (72.1%) | 1,341 (84.4%) | 1,885 (80.5%) | 0.31 | < .001 |
Note. Continuous variables are presented as means ± standard deviation; dichotomous variables are presented as N (%).