Frequency of HLA-C-B blocks in different populations. Frequencies were extracted from references [21,25,27]. The block B*52:01-C*12:02 is common in Europeans and Asians; this block includes the allele B*52:01:01; the blocks B*52:01-C*16:01 and B*52:01-C*03:03 are common in Africans and Native Americans; these haplotypes include B*52:01:02. The distinctive associations with alleles of HLA-C lend support to the hypothesis that B*52:01:01 and B*52:01:02 have distinctive origins. Differences in shading denote different DQA1-DQB1 blocks that may associate with different alleles of the HLA-DRB1*08 group.