Table 3.

Genetic risk factors for stroke in children with sickle cell disease.

Study (year)	Gene	Odds ratio (95% CI)	p-value	Participants	Comments	Ref.
Flanagan et al. (2011)	ANXA2	2.7 (1.3–5.8)	0.007	130 with stroke	All ischemic	[71]
	TGFBR3	2.5 (1.3–5.0)	0.005	103 without stroke
	TEK	2.2 (1.1–4.2)	0.016
	ADCY9	0.47 (0.3–0.8)	0.003
	HbA2 α-thalassemia 3.7 kb deletion	0.45 (0.2–0.8)	0.009
Adams et al. (1994)	HbA2 α-thalassemia deletion	0.42 (0.2–0.9)	0.02	44 with stroke 256 without stroke	Unspecified stroke type	[72]
Sebastiani et al. (2005)	HbA2 α-thalassemia deletion	Bayesian network	NA	92 with stroke	Hemorrhagic and ischemic	[18]
	BMP6			1306 without stroke
	SELP
	MET
Hoppe et al. (2004)	ADRB2	0.53	0.033	36 with ischemic stroke	CSSCD infant cohort	[73]
	HLA-A	7.7	0.013	159 with normal MRI
	IL4R	2.5	0.006
	VCAM1 (−1594)C	1.1	0.72
Taylor et al. (2002)	VCAM1 G1238C	0.35 (0.2–0.8)	0.02	51 with and without stroke	Unspecified stroke type	[74]
Sebastiani et al. (2005)	HbA2 α-thalassemia deletion	Bayesian network	NA	92 with stroke	Hemorrhagic and ischemic	[18]
	BMP6			1306 without stroke
	SELP
	MET
Tang et al. (2001)	AGT repeat	4 (1.3–13)	0.02	21 with stroke	Unspecified	[75]
	Allele 3 or 4			42 without stroke	stroke type
Romana et al. (2004)	Allele 3 or 4	0.2 (0.03–1)	0.06	8 children with stroke	Unspecified	[76]
	Allele 1	3.9 (1.01–15)	0.047	148 without stroke	stroke type

CSSCD: Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease; NA: Not applicable.