Table 1.
Ingredients In the Detoxification Kit Used by Mr A and Potential Adverse Effectsa
| Ingredient | Adverse Effects | Remarks | 
| Alfalfa | Photosensitivity | … | 
| Burdock | Allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family | … | 
| Cascara sagrada | Gastrointestinal irritation, pigmentation of colon | Can discolor urine and make it harder to interpret some diagnostic tests | 
| Cayenne pepper | Gastrointestinal irritation, skin irritation | … | 
| Creatine monohydrate | Nausea, diarrhea, hepatic or renal dysfunction | Can lead to falsely elevated serum creatinine levels | 
| Dandelion (leaf) | Allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family | … | 
| Echinacea purpurea | Allergic reactions, fever, nausea, and vomiting; can cause allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family | … | 
| Elm bark | None | … | 
| Green tea | Hyperacidity, gastric irritation, reduced appetite, constipation, diarrhea, restlessness, irritability, insomnia, palpitations, and vertigo | Can increase urine creatine levels | 
| Guarana | Dysuria, abdominal spasms, vomiting, insomnia, restlessness, agitation, gastric irritation, nausea, tachycardia | Guarana contains tannins with possible carcinogenic and hepatotoxic properties; can increase urine creatine levels | 
| Licorice | Amenorrhea, large amounts can cause pseudoaldosteronism | … | 
| Milk thistle | Allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family | Can result in elevated serum transaminase levels | 
| Peppermint leaf | Can increase colic in people with gallstones | … | 
| Red root | Central nervous system depression and narcosis | … | 
| Reishi mushroom | Hypotension and thrombocytopenia | Can increase clotting time | 
| Schisandra | Decreased appetite, stomach upset, urticaria, and severe central nervous system depression | May lower serum alanine aminotransferase levels | 
| Sorbitol | Abdominal pain, diarrhea | … | 
| Turmeric | Gastrointestinal disturbances | … | 
| Uva ursi | Nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal discomfort; large amounts can be oxytocic | Can cause greenish-brown discoloration of urine | 
Data from Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database.7
Symbol: … = not applicable.