Table 5.

Benefits of integrating palliative care in the intensive care unit

	Outcome	Selected Relevant Studies
↓	Intensive care unit/hospital length of stay	Campbell et al (11); Campbell et al (32); Norton et al (13); Curtis et al (48)
↓	Use of nonbeneficial treatments	Campbell et al (11); O’Mahony et al (14); Pierucci et al (33)
↓	Duration of mechanical ventilation	Payen et al (38)
↑	Family satisfaction/comprehension	Azoulay et al (34)
↓	Family anxiety/depression, posttraumatic stress disorder	Lautrette et al (35)
↓	Conflict over goals of care	Lilly et al (27)
↓	Time from poor prognosis to comfort-focused goals	Campbell et al (11)
↑	Symptom assessment/patient comfort	Erdek and Pronovost (36); Chanques et al (37)

↓ decreased; ↑, increased.