TABLE 4.
Long-term complications of prematurity according to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) severity
| All BPD |
BPD severity |
P* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild | Moderate | Severe | |||
| Developmental delay† | 87 (52.3) | 12 (34.3) | 45 (58.4) | 30 (78.9) | 0.003 |
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder‡ | 12 (6.5) | 3 (8.6) | 5 (5.8) | 3 (6.5) | 0.37 |
| Neurological impairment† | 33 (20.4) | 5 (14.3) | 18 (23.4) | 8 (21.0) | 0.41 |
| Wheezing episodes/‘asthma’§ | 35 (34.2) | 14 (35.9) | 33 (35.9) | 16 (34.0) | 0.43 |
| Hearing impairment† | 18 (11.4) | 2 (5.7) | 11 (14.315.1) | 4 (10.5) | 0.46 |
| Low vision† | 29 (17.9) | 4 (9.1) | 16 (20.8) | 8 (21.1) | 0.29 |
| Structural airway problems† | 15 (9.1) | 3 (8.5) | 4 (5.2) | 7 (18.4) | 0.24 |
| Cor pulmonale§ | 8 (4.4) | 0 (0) | 4 (4.7) | 3 (6.5) | 0.08 |
Data presented as n (%). The percentage value is based on the total number of subjects for whom each of the variables was assessed at predetermined ages.
*
P value for trend;
†
Cumulative incidence up to two years of age assessed in subjects followed up to two years;
‡
Cumulative incidence at any age assessed until the last follow-up in all subjects followed at the Montreal Children’s Hospital (Montreal, Quebec) after initial discharge;
§
Cumulative incidence up to five years of age in subjects followed up to five years