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. 2011 Oct 24;18(3-4):295–309. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0136

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Copyright 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

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FIG. 4. — SEM analysis of mineralized and nonmineralized ECM scaffolds and their mechanical properties. (A) SEM micrograph of the ECM-embedded scaffold before in vitro mineralization. (B1, B2) SEM micrograph of the ECM scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization under physiological concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (C1, C2) SEM micrograph of the ECM scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization at high concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (D1, D2) SEM micrograph of the control scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization under physiological concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (E1, E2) SEM micrograph of the control scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization at high concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (F) Graphical representation of the hardness data obtained by using a nanoindenter for the ECM scaffold before mineralization and after mineralization under high concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions. Data represent mean±s.e.m. EDX, energy-dispersive X-ray.

FIG. 4. — SEM analysis of mineralized and nonmineralized ECM scaffolds and their mechanical properties. (A) SEM micrograph of the ECM-embedded scaffold before in vitro mineralization. (B1, B2) SEM micrograph of the ECM scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization under physiological concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (C1, C2) SEM micrograph of the ECM scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization at high concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (D1, D2) SEM micrograph of the control scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization under physiological concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (E1, E2) SEM micrograph of the control scaffold subjected to in vitro mineralization at high concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions and EDX analysis, respectively. (F) Graphical representation of the hardness data obtained by using a nanoindenter for the ECM scaffold before mineralization and after mineralization under high concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions. Data represent mean±s.e.m. EDX, energy-dispersive X-ray.