Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of diagnostic accuracy of the various biomarkers for severe malaria
| Copeptin (pmol/L) |
Sodium (mmol/L) |
Lactate (mmol/L) |
C-reactive protein (mg/L) |
Procalcitonin (ng/mL) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cut-off value | 3 21 | ≤ 132 | ≥ 1.6 | ≥ 155 | ≥ 0.9 |
| Youden's index | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.59 | 0.51 |
| Sensitivity | 60 (39-78) | 72 (50-87) | 86 (64-96) | 79 (57-92) | 100 (68-100) |
| Specificity | 73 (66-79) | 72 (64-78) | 56 (45-65) | 80 (73-85) | 51 (38-64) |
| Positive Predictive Value | 31 (25-38) | 26 (0.17-0.38) | 29 (19-42) | 35 (23-49) | 28 (15-44) |
| Negative Predictive Value | 93 (87-96) | 95 (89-98) | 95 (85-99) | 97 (92-99) | 100 (86-100) |
| Area Under the ROC curve | 0.66 (0.59-0.72) | 0.72 (0.66-0.78) | 0.74 (0.66-0.81) | 0.84 (0.79-0.89) | 0.76 (0.65-0.86) |
| P-value* | P = 0.4289 | P = 0.6546 | P = 0.0237 | P = 0.6479 | |
Data are given as mean (95% confidence interval)
*P-values of pair-wise comparison of ROC curves are given (with Copeptin ROC curve as comparator)