Table 1.

P-values for soil moisture (dθ), total N (TN), soil organic carbon (SOC), ammonium (${\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}$), nitrate (${\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}$), total bacteria (16S rRNA), nitrifying (amoA), and denitrifying bacteria (nosZ) by analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Sourcea	dθ	TN	SOC	${\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}$	${\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}$	16S rRNA	amoA	nosZ
CO2		–	–	–	–	–	–	–
O3	–	0.01	0.01	0.03	–	0.01	–	0.06
Soil environment (SE)	0.001	–	–	<0.0001	–	–	–	0.01
Plant phenological stage (PS)	<0.0001	–	–	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	–	0.06
PS × CO2	–	–	–	–	–	0.04	–	–
PS × SE	<0.0001	–	–	0.01	0.04	–	–	–

(–) Not significant at P < 0.05.

^aCO₂ × O₃, SE × CO₂, SE × O₃, SE CO₂ + Oxl, PS × O₃, PS × CO₂ × O₃, PS × SE × CO₂, PS × SE × O₃, PS × SE × CO₂ × O₃ interactions wrer not significant for these variables.