Table I.

Concurrent validity: correlations between symptoms and hip joint space metric measurement (JSW) in the general population and in patients with hip pain

First author (reference)	Design	Number of subjects/patients	Mean age: yrs (SD) and % males	Type of JSW	Results
Reijman3	Community-based cohort, cross-sectional	3595 subjects aged ≥55 years	66.0 ± 6.9 years, 41.8%	Minimal JSW 7.5% participants with minimal JSW ≤ 2.5 mm, 3.0% with minimal JSW ≤ 2.0 mm, 1.4% with minimal JSW ≤ 1.5 mm	Hip pain associated with minimal JSW ≤ 2.5 mm (OR = 2.4, 95%CI = 1.7–3.4), ≤2.0 mm (OR = 4.5, 95%CI = 2.9–7.0) and ≤1.5 mm (OR = 6.6, 95%CI = 3.6–12.2) Moderate disability associated with minimal JSW ≤2.5 mm (OR = 2.7, 95%CI = 2.0–3.7), ≤2.0 mm (OR = 3.7, 95%CI = 2.4–5.9) and ≤1.5 mm (OR = 5.3, 95%CI = 2.9–9.8) Severe disability associated with minimal JSW ≤ 2.5 mm (OR = 3.0, 95%CI = 2.0–4.4), ≤2.0 mm (OR = 4.1, 95%CI = 2.5–7.0) and ≤1.5 mm (OR = 6.1, 95%CI = 3.1–12.1)
Jacobsen4	Community-based, cross-sectional	3208	Men: 62.5 (NA) Women: 65.0 (NA), 37.8%	Minimal JSW, 6.0% men and 5.7% women with minimal JSW ≤ 2.0 mm	MJSW ≥ 2 mm significantly associated to self-reported hip pain (OR = 3.5, 95%CI = 2.1–5.7 in men; 1.7, 95%CI = 1.1–2.5 in females), groin pain (OR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.3–4.1 in men; 2.0, 95%CI = 1.3–3.2 in females), and thigh pain (OR = 1.9, 95%CI = 1.1–3.3 in men; 1.5, 95%CI = 1.0–2.3 in females) during the previous 12 months
Gossec5	Subjects from a community-based cohort, cross-sectional	735	67.2 (9.5), 34.3%	Categorical minimal JSW	JSW not related to pain, JSW < 2.5 mm associated with functional impairment, categorized in quartiles (OR = 1.67, 95%CI = 1.0–2.78 compared to JSW > 3 mm)
Birell6	Cross-sectional, patients with new episode of hip pain in primary care	195	Median age = 63, 33.3%	Dichotomized minimal JSW, cut off: ≤2.5 mm or 1.5 mm	Pain duration associated with JSW Pain duration < 3 months, 28% with JSW ≤ 2.5 and 7% with JSW ≤ 1.5 mm; Pain duration = 3–12 months, 25% with JSW ≤ 2.5 and 13% with JSW ≤ 1.5 mm; Pain duration > 12 months, 43% with JSW ≤ 2.5 mm and 26% with JSW ≤ 1.5 mm, P = 0.02
Bierma-Zienstra7	Descriptive, cross-sectional	220	66 (9.6), 27%	Dichotomized minimal JSW, ≤ 2.5 mm and ≤ 1.5 mm	JSW ≤ 2.5 mm correlated with pain duration ≥ 3 months (OR = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.26–4.32) and with morning stiffness (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.15–3.62) JSW ≤ 1.5 mm correlated with morning stiffness (OR = 2.6, 95%CI = 1.12–6.06)
Croft8	Cross-sectional, men who underwent intravenous urogram	759	Age between 60 and 75 years	Minimal JSW	Pain in 20.4% of hips, 28.3% of hips with JSW ≤ 2.5 mm, and in 56% of hips with JSW ≤ 1.5 mm

OR: Odds Ratio.

95%CI: 95% Confidential Interval.

mm: millimetre.