Table 3.

Heritability estimates of aortic and pulmonary artery measures with and without the inclusion of BAV/CVM as covariates.

Echo measurement	Model without BAV or CVM as covariate		Model with BAV and/or CVM as covariate
	Heritability	p-Value h2	Heritability	p-Value h2	Beta BAV ± SE	p-Value BAV	Beta CVM ± SE	p-Value CVM
Aortic valve annulus (AoVA)	0.26 ± 0.07	0.000014	0.26 ± 0.07	6.2 × 10−6	0.12 ± 0.02	6.3 × 10−7	–	0.13
Aortic root (AoR)	0.52 ± 0.07	7.9 × 10−18	0.53 ± 0.07	1.6 × 10−18	0.13 ± 0.03	0.000031	0.18 ± 0.04	7.9 × 10−7
Sinotubular junction (STJ)	0.43 ± 0.07	3.5 × 10−12	0.41 ± 0.07	2.0 × 10−11	0.13 ± 0.03	4.0 × 10−6	0.14 ± 0.03	0.00005
Ascending aorta (AoA)	0.32 ± 0.08	7.0 × 10−7	0.38 ± 0.08	7.2 × 10−9	0.32 ± 0.03	3.2 × 10−25	0.14 ± 0.04	0.00016
Transverse aorta (AoT)	0.24 ± 0.07	0.000046	0.26 ± 0.07	8.7 × 10−6	0.13 ± 0.03	0.0001	0.12 ± 0.04	0.0020
Descending aorta (AoD)	0.29 ± 0.07	1.7 × 10−6	*	*	–	0.30	–	0.13
Pulmonary valve annulus (PVA)	0.32 ± 0.07	0.000021	0.33 ± 0.07	5.0 × 10−7	0.14 ± 0.05	0.025	–	0.15
Main pulmonary artery (MPA)	0.28 ± 0.08	7.0 × 10−7	0.30 ± 0.08	0.000013	0.12 ± 0.04	0.01	−	0.23
Mitral valve annulus (MVA)	0.25 ± 0.07	0.000042	*	*	−	0.60	−	0.63

*Neither BAV or CVM was a significant covariate.