Table 3.
Group differences on depressive symptoms, trait-rumination, and negative and positive affect states
| Condition | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RUM (N = 40) | DIS (N = 40) | POS (N = 41) | ACC (N = 39) | df = 3, 156 | ||||
| Variable | α | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | F | χ² | p |
| Depressive symptoms (CDI) | 0.86 | 8.58 (6.50) | 8.00 (5.94) | 7.90 (5.20) | 6.97 (5.65) | 3.87 | 0.28 | |
| Rumination (SRRS-C) | 0.90 | 19.15 (6.38) | 17.93 (5.44) | 16.41 (5.06) | 16.95 (4.30) | 2.03 | 0.11 | |
| T1 negative affect | 0.87 | 20.60 (26.09) | 23.73 (23.28) | 14.32 (17.00) | 14.17 (18.75) | 1.94 | 0.13 | |
| T2 negative affect | 0.85 | 63.86 (26.06) | 65.31 (24.54) | 64.35 (25.03) | 55.55 (23.92) | 1.30 | 0.28 | |
| T3 negative affect | 0.80 | 56.34 (26.51) | 63.37 (28.60) | 43.52 (26.27) | 47.88 (26.80) | 4.30 | 0.006 | |
| Change score negative affect | 0.63 | −7.53 (20.96) | −1.94 (29.02) | −20.83 (23.01) | −7.67 (21.03) | 4.63 | 0.004 | |
| T1 positive affect | N/a | 70.30 (23.62) | 67.58 (24.96) | 71.27 (22.14) | 75.97 (23.91) | 0.86 | 0.46 | |
| T2 positive affect | N/a | 31.60 (23.59) | 30.90 (20.58) | 32.02 (26.77) | 41.82 (26.39) | 1.76 | 0.16 | |
| T3 positive affect | N/a | 36.33 (25.19) | 28.08 (24.69) | 52.93 (24.41) | 47.51 (26.11) | 7.96 | 0.001 | |
| Change score positive affect | N/a | 4.73 (20.05) | −2.83 (19.36) | 20.90 (25.51) | 5.69 (20.09) | 8.75 | 0.001 | |
Raw (untransformed) means are reported. CDI = Children’s Depression Inventory; SRRS-C = Stress-reactive Rumination Scale for Children; Negative affect = composite gloomy and sad (VAS); Positive affect = happy (VAS). T1 = baseline; T2 = pre-manipulation; T3 = post-manipulation