TABLE 3.
Reported Sunburns by Student Characteristics and Sun Behaviors
| Variable | Sunburns | Baseline, n (%) | Follow-up, n (%) | P for Difference in % Increased Sunburn from Baseline to Follow-up | Percentage Change in Self-reported Sunburn between Baseline and Follow-up Assessments | Pa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Change | Increased | Decreased | Remained the Same | |||||||
| None | 170 (47.5) | 161 (45.0) | 53 | 28 | 25 | 47 | .79 | |||
| 1 | 79 (22.1) | 92 (25.7) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 109 (30.4) | 105 (29.3) | ||||||||
| Gender | Male | None | 112 (50.5) | 104 (46.4) | Referent | 55 | 28 | 27 | 45 | .92 |
| 1 | 39 (17.6) | 60 (26.8) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 71 (32.0) | 60 (26.8) | ||||||||
| Female | None | 58 (42.7) | 58 (42.7) | .73 | 48 | 27 | 22 | 52 | .49 | |
| 1 | 40 (29.4) | 33 (24.3) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 38 (27.9) | 45 (33.1) | ||||||||
| Skin color | Very fair/Fair | None | 90 (37.0) | 70 (28.7) | Referent | 59 | 34 | 25 | 41 | .09 |
| 1 | 62 (25.5) | 75 (30.7) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 91 (37.5) | 99 (40.6) | ||||||||
| Light olive/Light brown | None | 51 (63.8) | 61 (75.3) | .001 | 45 | 15 | 30 | 55 | .02 | |
| 1 | 13 (16.3) | 14 (17.3) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 16 (20.0) | 6 (7.4) | ||||||||
| Medium brown /Black | None | 29 (82.9) | 31 (88.6) | .005 | 23 | 9 | 14 | 77 | .28 | |
| 1 | 4 (11.4) | 4 (11.4) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||||
| Race/Ethnicity | Asian/Black | None | 26 (81.3) | 25 (78.1) | .05 | 28 | 16 | 12 | 72 | .74 |
| 1 | 5 (15.6) | 6 (18.8) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 1 (3.1) | 1 (3.1) | ||||||||
| Hispanic | None | 37 (60.7) | 47 (77.1) | <.001 | 34 | 8 | 26 | 66 | .01 | |
| 1 | 11 (18.0) | 7 (11.5) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 13 (21.3) | 7 (11.5) | ||||||||
| White | None | 107 (40.4) | 90 (33.7) | Referent | 60 | 34 | 26 | 40 | .26 | |
| 1 | 63 (23.8) | 80 (30.0) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 95 (35.9) | 97 (36.3) | ||||||||
| Liking a tan | Yes | None | 90 (49.5) | 74 (40.4) | .30 | 54 | 30 | 24 | 46 | .52 |
| 1 | 37 (20.3) | 50 (27.3) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 55 (30.2) | 59 (32.2) | ||||||||
| No | None | 69 (43.4) | 81 (50.9) | Referent | 50 | 24 | 26 | 50 | .65 | |
| 1 | 38 (23.9) | 37 (23.3) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 52 (32.7) | 41 (25.8) | ||||||||
| Getting a tan | Yes | None | 141 (46.2) | 131 (42.7) | .02 | 53 | 30 | 23 | 47 | .16 |
| 1 | 71 (23.3) | 81 (26.4) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 93 (30.5) | 95 (30.9) | ||||||||
| No | None | 27 (56.3) | 28 (58.3) | Referent | 48 | 14 | 34 | 52 | .03 | |
| 1 | 8 (16.7) | 11 (22.9) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 13 (27.1) | 9 (18.8) | ||||||||
| Spending time to get a tan | Yes | None | 59 (41.5) | 53 (37.0) | .15 | 56 | 32 | 24 | 44 | .29 |
| 1 | 40 (28.2) | 40 (28.0) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 43 (30.3) | 50 (35.0) | ||||||||
| No | None | 111 (51.6) | 109 (50.5) | Referent | 51 | 25 | 26 | 49 | .54 | |
| 1 | 38 (17.7) | 53 (24.5) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 66 (30.7) | 54 (25.0) | ||||||||
| Sunscreen use | Never / Sometimes | None | 135 (49.8) | 132 (48.4) | Referent | 53 | 27 | 26 | 47 | .76 |
| 1 | 56 (20.7) | 70 (25.6) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 80 (29.5) | 71 (26.0) | ||||||||
| Often/ Always | None | 34 (40.0) | 29 (34.1) | .63 | 49 | 29 | 20 | 51 | .26 | |
| 1 | 23 (27.1) | 23 (27.1) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 28 (32.9) | 33 (38.8) | ||||||||
| Outdoor Exposure | Low | None | 57 (46.0) | 61 (48.8) | .25 | 49 | 22 | 27 | 51 | .42 |
| 1 | 27 (21.8) | 30 (24.0) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 40 (32.3) | 34 (27.2) | ||||||||
| Medium | None | 50 (43.5) | 50 (43.5) | .20 | 59 | 30 | 29 | 41 | .72 | |
| 1 | 29 (25.2) | 33 (28.7) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 36 (31.3) | 32 (27.8) | ||||||||
| High | None | 63 (52.9) | 51 (42.5) | Referent | 49 | 30 | 19 | 51 | .09 | |
| 1 | 23 (19.3) | 30 (25.0) | ||||||||
| 2+ | 33 (27.7) | 39 (32.5) | ||||||||
Percentage change in reported sunburns for each category is based on the paired observations from baseline and follow-up evaluations.
a
P value based on the paired comparison from baseline to follow-up evaluation. For dichotomous variables, the McNemar test was used. For variables with 3 or more categories, the Stuart-Maxwell statistic was calculated.