Table 2.

Possible toxicities of antiangiogenic agents

Toxicity	Possible Mechanism
Hypertension	blockade of NO and prostacyclins, decreased capillary density, impaired baroreceptor response, kidney damage
Thrombotic events	EC apoptosis, platelet activation
Bleeding, Impaired wound healing	platelet dysfunction
Proteinuria	podocyte dysfunction in kidney glomeruli
Hand-foot syndrome	epidermal cell apoptosis, EC dysfunction
GI perforation	mucosal cell apoptosis, EC dysfunction
Hypothyroidism	decreased thyroid vascularity
Fatigue	hypothyroidism- unclear
PRES	BBB dysregulation, hypertension

EC- endothelial cell; NO- nitric oxide; GI- gastrointestinal; PRES- posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome