Table 2.

Primer sequences for ribosomal RNA genes of Alexandrium species

Target gene/marker	Target taxa	Primer name	5′-3′ Sequence	Reference
28S rRNA	Dinophyceae	D1R D2C	ACCCGCTGAATITAAGCATA CTTGGTCCGTGTTTCAAGA	Scholin et al., 1994
28SrRNA	Alexandrium species	Alex1(r)	ACCACCCACTTTGCATTCCA	Guillou et al., 2002
	Alexandrium catenella (TA clade)	Acat1(r)	GCACTACAATCTCACTGAGG
	Alexandrium catenella (NA clade)	Acat3(r)	AAGTGCAACACTCCCACCAA
	Alexandrium minutum	Amin2(r)	Amin2 AGCACTGATGTGTAAGGGCT
	Alexandrium fundyense	(f)	GAATGCAAAGTGGGTGG	Dyhrman et al., 2006
28S rRNA D1/D2	Alexandrium tamarense	Atama-F3 Atama-R1	ACCTTTGCACATGAATGATAAGTC CATCCCCAAGCACAGGAAC	Nagai, 2011
	Alexandrium catenella	Acat-F3 Acat-R2	CAAAGTAAACAGACTTGATTTCCTC GAAAGCAACCTCAAGGACAAG
	Alexandrium fraterculus	Afra-F1 Afra-R3	GCTTTGAATTGTGTTTGTGAAC GTCAGTGTTAAAGCTTGTGGG
	Alexandrium pseudogoniaulax	Apseu-F2 Apseu-R2	GGGTGGTAAATTTCACGCAAG TGGCAACAGCTGACAATCGCA
18S rDNA	Alexandrium monilatum	1F 1800R	AACCTGGTTGATCCTGCCAGT TCCTTCTGCAGGTTCACCTAC	Rogers et al., 2006
	Alexandrium catenella	Acat-F3 Acat-R2	CAAAGTAAACAGACTTGATTTCCTC GAAAGCAACCTCAAGGACAAG
ITS1-5.8S-ITS2
ITS1–5.8S–ITS2	Alexandrium	ITSA ITSB	CCTCGTAACAAGGCTCCGTAGGT CAGATGCTAAGTTCAGCA	Adachi et al., 1994
ITS1–5.8S–ITS2	Alexandrium	P1 P2	GTAGGATCCGGTGAACCTTGCAGAAGGA ATCGAATTCCTCCGCTTACTTATATGC	Spalter et al., 1997
	Alexandrium	5.8S-b5′ 5.8S-b3′	YGATGAAGAATGCAGCAAMATG CAAGCAHACCTTCAAGMATATCC	Galluzzi et al., 2004
ITS1–5.8S–ITS2	Alexandrium	5.8S-5′	GCAADGAATGTCTTAGCTCAA	Galluzzi et al., 2005
	Alexandrium minutum	ITS1m (f) 5.8S-3′	CATGCTGCTGTGTTGATGACC GCAMACCTTCAAGMATATCCC
ITS1–5.8S–ITS2	Alexandrium andersonii	5.8S-5′ ITS2an	GCAADGAATGTCTTAGCTCAA GATGACACGTTTCGGCAAG	Penna et al., 2007
	Alexandrium catenella	ITS1c 5.8S-3′	AGCATGATTTGTTTTTCAAGC GCAMACCTTCAAGMATATCCC
	Alexandrium tamarense	5.8S-5′ ITS2t	TGTTACTTGTACCTTTGGGA ACAACACCCAGGTTCAAT
	Alexandrium taylori	ITS1t 5.8S-3′	TGGTGTTTGAATGCGGTTGT GCAMACCTTCAAGMATATCCC
ITS1–5.8S–ITS2	Alexandrium taylori	Tay5′ Tay3′	TGGTGTTTGAATGCGGTTGT AGGAAATGGCACCAGAATGC	Galluzzi et al., 2010
18S-ITS1–5.8S–ITS2-28S	Alexandrium catenella	FACAT	TGATATTGTGGGCAACTGTAA	Genovesi et al., 2011
	Alexandrium tamarense	FATAM TACATAM	TGGTAATTCTTCATTGATTACAATG AACATCTGTTAGCTCACGGAA
ITS	Alexandrium tamiyavanichii	Atami-F1 Atami-R1	AAGCTTGCTGTGGGTACAGA TACAGCTCACAGCAATGCAG	Nagai, 2011
ITS	Alexandrium affine	Affn-F1 Affn-R2	CTTGCTTCAAGCTGGTATGTC GTCAATGTTCACCATTTCACCA

(f) forward

(r) reverse