Effect of PKC inhibitors on HG-induced TLR4 expression. PTECs were treated for 16 hours with normal glucose (5.5 mM), HG (30 mM), or PKC inhibitors staurosporine (10 nM, added 1 hour before the addition of HG) or calphostin C (1 µM, added 1 hour before addition of HG). Results are means ± SD of three independent experiments. ‡P<0.05, ‡‡P<0.01 versus cells treated with HG alone. NG, normal glucose.