Table 3.
Site-specific head and neck cancer stratified by HPV E6/E7, tobacco, and alcohol status.1
| Cases | Controls | Oral cavity versus controls | Oropharynx versus controls | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral cavity | Oropharynx | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| HPV E6/E72 | Risk factor | N = 170 (%) | N = 74 (%) | N = 428 (%) | ||
| Tobacco3 | ||||||
| Negative | Never | 54 (32.0) | 2 (2.7) | 150 (35.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≤30 | 41 (24.3) | 6 (8.2) | 127 (29.9) | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) | 3.2 (0.6–16.6) | |
| >30 | 58 (34.3) | 19 (26.0) | 119 (28.0) | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 11.0 (2.4–51.7) | |
| test for trend P value | 0.19 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Positive | Never | 3 (1.8) | 8 (11.0) | 10 (2.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≤30 | 3 (1.8) | 19 (26.0) | 15 (3.5) | 0.3 (0.03–2.4) | 1.4 (0.4–4.9) | |
| >30 | 10 (5.9) | 19 (26.0) | 4 (0.9) | 3.5 (0.5–26.9) | 4.7 (1.03–21.7) | |
| test for trend P value | 0.008 | 0.01 | ||||
| Alcohol4 | ||||||
| Negative | Never | 57 (33.7) | 2 (2.7) | 170 (39.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≤21 | 54 (32.0) | 10 (13.7) | 166 (39.0) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 5.4 (1.1–25.7) | |
| >21 | 42 (24.8) | 15 (20.6) | 59 (13.9) | 3.1 (1.7–5.5) | 24.3 (4.9–121.3) | |
| test for trend P value | 0.009 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Positive | Never | 3 (1.8) | 6 (8.2) | 14 (3.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≤21 | 5 (3.0) | 27 (37.0) | 15 (3.5) | 1.2 (0.2–7.3) | 4.1 (1.2–14.7) | |
| >21 | 8 (4.7) | 13 (17.8) | 2 (0.5) | 9.8 (0.9–106.9) | 8.5 (1.2–60.2) | |
| test for trend P value | 0.002 | 0.001 | ||||
| Tobacco/alcohol5 | ||||||
| Negative | Never/never | 40 (23.8) | 1 (1.4) | 93 (22.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≤30/≤21 | 21 (12.5) | 1 (1.4) | 63 (14.9) | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | 1.9 (0.1–31.1) | |
| ≤30/>21 | 10 (6.0) | 4 (5.5) | 24 (5.7) | 1.5 (0.6–3.6) | 22.8 (2.2-235.2) | |
| >30/≤21 | 20 (11.9) | 8 (11.0) | 53 (12.5) | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | 18.7 (2.2–160.8) | |
| >30/>21 | 31 (18.4) | 11 (15.1) | 29 (6.7) | 4.0 (2.0–8.3) | 56.3 (6.2–512.7) | |
| test for trend P value | 0.07 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Positive | Never/never | 2 (1.2) | 2 (2.7) | 7 (1.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≤30/≤21 | 2 (1.2) | 13 (17.8) | 9 (2.1) | 0.7 (0.04–12.0) | 8.9 (0.96–82.9)7 | |
| ≤30/>21 | 0 (0.0) | 4 (5.5) | 2 (0.5) | 0.6 (0.02–17.2) 6 | 13.7 (0.8–227.9) | |
| >30/≤21 | 2 (1.2) | 9 (12.3) | 2 (0.5) | 2.6 (0.1–67.4) | 29.3 (2.1–408.7)7 | |
| >30/>21 | 8 (4.8) | 8 (11.0) | 0 (0.0) | 55.0 (0.8–3651.0)6,7 | 18.3 (0.5–627.2)6,7 | |
| test for trend P-value | 0.008 | 0.001 | ||||
1Percentages based on available data; 2HPV E6/E7 seronegative for HPV-16, -18, and/or -33; HPV E6/E7 seropositive for HPV-16, -18, and/or -33; 3adjusted for age (continuous), gender, and average drinks/week (continuous); 4adjusted for age (continuous), gender, and tobacco pack-years (continuous); 5adjusted for age (continuous) and gender, all never groups combined with never/never as reference group; 6Logit estimator, 0.5 is added to zero cells; 7CMH P-value < 0.049.