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Proposed mechanism for gp120-induced up-regulation of the α7-nAChR. Activation of CXCR4 by SDF-1 or gp120 causes activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK pathway. This leads to activation of Egr-1, a known transcription factor for the α7-nAChR gene (CHRNA7). Activation of Egr-1 leads to an increase in α7-nAChR mRNA levels.
