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. 2012 Feb 2;7(2):e30762. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030762

Figure 1. Human glioma shows CCL2+ cells.

Figure 1

(A) The 14 cases of glioma analyzed show CCL2 expression in the tumorigenic areas. Samples of gliomas were immunostained to detect the expression of CCL2. All 14 cases analyzed showed expression of CCL2 in the neoplasic areas. CCL2-expressing cells are localized in the brain parenchyma itself and their number and intensity increase towards the necrotic areas. CCL2-expressing cells can also be seen around BVs (16–19). In addition, counterstaining with hematoxilin is also shown at BV levels (16′–19′) to corroborate the presence of endothelial nuclei. Insert show a detail of the endothelial nuclei. Scale bar; 1–21: 400 µm, 22–24: 60 µm. (B) Tumor cells present high immunoreactivity for GFAP in tumor areas, demonstrating the typical astrocytic cell type. CCL2+ cells show a characteristic astrocytic morphology. Scale bar: 30 µm. (C) BVs in, or close to the putative tumorigenic areas show high immunoreactivity for CCL2 in contrast to normal tissue. Additionally, counterstaining with hematoxilin (HHS) is also shown at the same levels. The insert shows a detail of the endothelial nuclei. Scale bar: 100 µm.