Table 1.
Novel targets to treat cerebral edema
| NKCC1 | SUR1/TRPM4 | Vasopressin-receptor | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Neurons, neuroglia, endothelium, choroid plexus | Neurons, neuroglia, endothelium | Basolateral membrane of the cells lining the collecting ducts of the kidneys |
| Activation | ATP | Depletion of ATP | Vasopressin |
| Specific antagonist | Bumetanide | Glyburide (glibenclamide) | Conivaptan |
| Function | Loads sodium and chloride into cells to maintain level of [Cl−]i | Conducts monovalent cations | Absorption of free water in collecting tubule of kidney |