Table I.
Characteristics of prostate cancer cases and controls in the AHS nested case–control study compared with the entire AHS cohort
| Characteristic | Nested case–controla |
AHS cohorta |
||
| Cases, n (%), total = 776 | Controls, n (%), total = 1444 | Prostate cancer, n (%), total = 1275 | Non-cancer, n (%), total = 48 286 | |
| Age at enrollment | ||||
| <40 | 3 (0.4) | 5 (0.4) | 9 (0.7) | 17 801 (36.9) |
| 40–49 | 74 (9.5) | 144 (10.0) | 111 (8.7) | 13 592 (28.2) |
| 50–59 | 259 (33.4) | 491 (34.0) | 409 (32.1) | 9515 (19.7) |
| 60–69 | 355 (45.8) | 634 (43.9) | 573 (44.9) | 5657 (11.7) |
| ≥70 | 85 (11.0) | 170 (11.8) | 173 (13.6) | 1721 (3.6) |
| State of residence | ||||
| Iowa | 520 (67.0) | 991 (68.6) | 789 (61.9) | 32 740 (67.8) |
| North Carolina | 256 (33.0) | 453 (31.4) | 486 (38.1) | 15 546 (32.2) |
| Applicator type | ||||
| Private | 741 (95.5) | 1363 (94.4) | 1219 (95.6) | 43 895 (90.9) |
| Commercial | 35 (4.5) | 81 (5.6) | 56 (4.4) | 4391 (9.1) |
| Family history of prostate cancerb | ||||
| No | 575 (74.1) | 1193 (82.6) | 924 (72.5) | 41 365 (85.7) |
| Yes | 130 (16.8) | 145 (10.0) | 212 (16.6) | 3748 (7.8) |
| Missing | 71 (9.1) | 106 (7.3) | 139 (10.9) | 3173 (6.6) |
| Prostate cancer stage | ||||
| Local | 579 (74.3) | — | 945 (74.1) | — |
| Regional | 156 (20.1) | — | 247 (19.4) | — |
| Distant | 12 (1.5) | — | 33 (2.6) | — |
| Not staged | 29 (3.7) | — | 50 (3.9) | — |
| Prostate cancer grade | ||||
| Well differentiated | 38 (4.9) | — | 60 (4.7) | — |
| Moderately differentiated | 547 (70.5) | — | 855 (67.1) | — |
| Poorly differentiated | 168 (21.6) | — | 302 (23.7) | — |
| Undifferentiated | 4 (0.5) | — | 6 (0.5) | — |
| Not graded | 19 (2.4) | — | 52 (4.1) | — |
a
Excludes females, non-white subjects and subjects with any previous cancer.
b
Family history of prostate cancer in first-degree relative.