Table 1.
Nanobiotechnological applications of recombinant S-layer fusion proteins
| Application | S-layer moiety | Genetically fused functionality | Length of function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sensor technology and diagnostics | SbpA, SbsB | Core-streptavidin | 118 aa |
| SbpA, SbsB | Mimotope of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) epitope F1 | 20 aa | |
| SbpA | ZZ, IgG-binding domain of Protein A | 116 aa | |
| SbpA | cAb, Heavy chain camel antibody | 117 aa | |
| Vaccine development | SbpA, SbsC | Major birch pollen allergen (Bet v1) | 116 aa |
| SbsA | H. influenzae antigen (Omp26) | 200 aa | |
| SlpA | Antigenic poliovirus epitope (VP1) | 11 aa | |
| SlpA | Human c-myc proto-oncogene | 10 aa | |
| SLH-EA1, SLH-Sap | Levansucrase of B. subtilis | 473 aa | |
| SLH-EA1 | Tetanus toxin fragment C (ToxC) of C. tetani | 451 aa | |
| RsaA | P. aeruginosa strain K pilin | 12 aa | |
| RsaA | IHNV glycoprotein | 184 aa | |
| RsaA | IgG-binding domain of Protein G | GB1xs | |
| RsaA | Domain 1 of HIV receptor CD4 | 81 aa | |
| RsaA | MIP1α ligand for HIV coreceptor CCR5 | 70 aa | |
| Immobilized biocatalysts | SbpA | Hyperthermophilic enzyme laminarinase (LamA) | 263 aa |
| SgsE | Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (RmlA) | 299 aa | |
| RsaA | Beta-1,4-glycanase (Cex) | 485 aa | |
| Fluorescent biomakers | SbpA | Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) | 238 aa 240 aa |
| SgsE | Enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP) | 240 aa | |
| SgsE | Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) | 240 aa | |
| SgsE | Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) | 225 aa | |
| SgsE | Monomeric red fluorescent protein (RFP1) | ||
| Nanoparticle arrays | SbpA | Incorporated cysteine residues | 3 aa |
| Biosorption of heavy metals | RsaA | His-tag, affinity tag | 6 aa |
S-layer proteins: SbsB of Geobacillus stearothermophilus PV72/p2, SbpA of Lysinibacillus sphaericus CCM 2177, SbsC of Geobacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980, SgsE of Geobacillus stearothermophilus NRS 2004/3a, SbsA of Geobacillus stearothermophilus PV72/p6, SlpA of Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 8287, SLH (S-layer homology domain) of EA1 or Sap of Bacillus anthracis, RsaA of Caulobacter crescentus CB15A. For review see [12,13,51].