Analyses of the biochemical function of C3H12. A, C3H12 localized in the nuclei of rice callus cells. Panel 1, C3H12-GFP expression; panel 2, staining of the cell with propidium iodide as a control; panel 3, transmission image; panel 4, overlay of panels 1, 2, and 3; panel 5, GFP expression; panel 6, staining of cell with propidium iodide as a control; panel 7, transmission image; panel 8, overlay of panels 5, 6, and 7. Bars = 10 μm. B, The MBP-tagged C3H12 protein bound to various nucleic acids at buffer containing 0.1 or 0.25 m NaCl. This experiment was repeated three times, and similar results were obtained. dsDNA, Double-stranded DNA (calf thymus DNA); ssDNA, single-stranded DNA (calf thymus DNA).