Analysis of xylan structure in endosperm samples from homozygous TaXAT1 RNAi transgenic wheat. (A) Oligosaccharide abundance (HPAEC peak area) from transgenic samples relative to corresponding azygous controls after xylanase digest; mean of five independent lines ± 95% confidence intervals. Columns for AX oligosaccharides are colored according to substitution with Araf: unsubstituted (green), monosubstituted only (red), di-substituted only (blue), and mono- and di-substituted (purple). Abundances of (1,3);(1,4)-β-glucan oligosaccharides [Glucose3 (G3) and Glucose4 (G4)] as result of simultaneous lichenase digest show no overall change. (B) 1H-NMR spectra for transgenic (red) and azygous control (blue) samples showing H1 signals for Araf in AX: α-(1,3)–linked to monosubstituted Xylp (A3-Xmono), α-(1,3)–linked (A3-Xdi), and α-(1,2)–linked (A2-Xdi) to di-substituted Xylp and for Araf in arabinogalactan peptide (A-AGP).