Table 2.
Risk Indicators of Gingivitis and Periodontitis
| Variables | Healthy | Gingivitis | Periodontitis | Total | p-value* | p-value† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||||
| Gender | Male | 23 (9.7) | 193 (81.8) | 20 (8.5) | 236 (39.7) | ||
| Female | 74 (20.7) | 258 (72.1) | 26 (7.3) | 359 (60.3) | |||
| Income (JOD)‡ | < 400 | 28 (9.5) | 237 (80.6) | 29 (9.9) | 295 (49.6) | < 0.0005 | < 0.0005 |
| ≥ 400 | 69 (23.0) | 214 (71.3) | 17 (5.7) | 300 (50.4) | |||
| Education (Years) | ≤ 12 | 21 (11.1) | 135 (71.4) | 33 (17.5) | 189 (31.8) | 0.101 | < 0.0005 |
| > 12 | 76 (18.8) | 316 (78.0) | 13 (3.2) | 406 (68.2) | |||
| Residency | Urban | 65 (18.5) | 264 (75) | 23 (6.5) | 352 (59.2) | 0.122 | 0.051 |
| Rural | 32 (13.2) | 187 (77.3) | 23 (9.5) | 243 (40.8) | |||
| BMI (Kg/m2)§ | < 25 | 78 (20.9) | 280 (74.9) | 16 (4.3) | 375 (62.9) | 0.002 | < 0.0005 |
| 25-29 | 16 (9.7) | 130 (78.8) | 19 (11.5) | 165 (27.8) | |||
| ≥ 30 | 3 (5.6) | 40 (74.1) | 11 (20.4) | 54 (9.3) | |||
| Dental visits | Regular | 28 (29.5) | 60 (63.2) | 7 (7.4) | 95 (16.0) | 0.0005 | 0.070 |
| On need | 40 (17.0) | 178 (75.5) | 17 (7.2) | 236 (39.7) | |||
| Emergency | 29 (11.0) | 213 (80.7) | 22 (8.3) | 264 (44.3) | |||
| Brushing | No brushing | 1 (1.7) | 53 (91.0) | 4 (6.9) | 58 (9.7) | < 0.0005 | < 0.0005 |
| Irregular(< 1/day) | 17 (9.8) | 138 (79.3) | 19 (10.9) | 174 (29.2) | |||
| Regular (≥ 2/day) | 79 (21.8) | 260 (71.0) | 23 (6.4) | 363 (61.1) | |||
| Smoking | No | 88 (18.3) | 357 (74.4) | 35 (7.3) | 481 (81.1) | 0.018 | 0.027 |
| Past | 1 (5.9) | 13 (76.5) | 3 (17.6) | 17 (2.9) | |||
| Current | 7 (7.4) | 80 (84.2) | 8 (8.4) | 95 (16.0) | |||
| Family history | Yes | 22 (13.2) | 126 (75.4) | 19 (11.4) | 167 (28.2) | 0.304 | 0.024 |
| No | 74 (17.5) | 323 (76.2) | 27 (6.4) | 425 (71.8) | |||
*Gingivitis vs. Healthy
† Periodontitis vs. Healthy
‡ Jordanian Dinars
§ Body Mass Index