Fig. 3.

Direct versus indirect effects of mutSOD1 toxicity in muscle. RT-qPCRs were performed on total RNA extracted from gastrocnemius muscles of left axotomized non transgenic mice (Axo). Right gastrocnemius muscles of the same animals were used as controls (Ctrl). Data have been normalized to the amount of GAPDH mRNA, expressed relative to the levels determined in control muscles, which are taken as internal reference, and expressed as fold changes. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of four independent replicates. *p < 0.01 vs. Ctrl. RT-qPCRs were performed on total RNA extracted from C2C12 cells cultured in the growth medium (GM) or placed in the differentiation medium (DM) for 48 h. Data have been normalized to the amount of GAPDH mRNA, expressed relative to the levels determined in GM, which are taken as a reference, and expressed as fold changes. All the data shown are the means ± SEM of determinations performed (n = 4). *p < 0.001 vs. GM; ^#p < 0.05 vs. GM. RT-qPCRs were performed on total RNA extracted from C2C12 cells transfected with wild type human SOD1 (hSOD1) or the G93A mutant form of human SOD1 (mutSOD1) and cultured in the differentiation medium for 48 h. Mock transfected cells are used as controls. Data have been normalized to the amount of GAPDH-mRNA, expressed relative to the levels determined in control cells, which are taken as internal reference, and expressed as fold changes. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of four independent replicates. *p < 0.01 vs. mock.