Table 3.
Risk Ratios for Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke per 3.5-Fold (1-SD) Higher Usual Lipoprotein(a) Levels With Progressive Adjustment for Usual Levels of Confoundersa
| Adjustments | Risk Ratio (95% CI) |
Wald χ2 |
I2 % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coronary heart diseaseb | |||
| Age and sex only | 1.16 (1.11-1.22) | 46 | 57 (36-72) |
|
| |||
| Age and sex plus | |||
| Systolic blood pressure | 1.16 (1.11-1.21) | 43 | 57 (36-71) |
|
| |||
| Smoking status | 1.16 (1.11-1.21) | 42 | 57 (36-72) |
|
| |||
| History of diabetes | 1.17 (1.12-1.22) | 47 | 58 (37-72) |
|
| |||
| Body mass index | 1.17 (1.12-1.23) | 51 | 57 (36-71) |
|
| |||
| Total cholesterol | 1.13 (1.09-1.18) | 36 | 49 (22-66) |
|
| |||
| Ischemic strokec | |||
| Age and sex only | 1.11 (1.02-1.20) | 6 | 46 (0-72) |
|
| |||
| Age and sex plus | |||
| Systolic blood pressure | 1.09 (1.01-1.17) | 6 | 31 (0-64) |
|
| |||
| Smoking status | 1.09 (1.01-1.17) | 6 | 30 (0-64) |
|
| |||
| History of diabetes | 1.10 (1.02-1.17) | 7 | 26 (0-62) |
|
| |||
| Body mass index | 1.10 (1.03-1.18) | 8 | 25 (0-61) |
|
| |||
| Total cholesterol | 1.10 (1.02-1.18) | 7 | 30 (0-64) |
Abbreviaton: CI, confidence interval.
a
Analyses were restricted to participants with complete information on sex and all confounding variables. Risk ratios are stratified by sex and study group where appropriate. Studies with fewer than 10 cases of coronary heart disease or ischemic stroke outcomes were excluded from the analyses of that outcome.
b
For coronary heart disease, 106 645 individuals, 8362 cases, 30 studies.
c
For ischemic stroke, 69 539 individuals, 1684 cases, 13 studies.